Introduction to C++20 Ranges & Views

Advanced14 min read•Updated: 2026-10-22

🌊 Introduction to C++20 Ranges & Views

Introduction

Before C++20, calling STL algorithms required passing verbose iterator pairs (vec.begin(), vec.end()) and chaining operations required temporary vector copies. C++20 Ranges introduces composable pipeline syntax using the Unix-style pipe operator (|) with lazy evaluation.

⚡ Composable Pipeline Syntax

1#include <iostream>
2#include <vector>
3#include <ranges>
4 
5int main() {
6    std::vector<int> numbers = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10};
7 
8    // Filter even numbers, square them, and take the first 3:
9    // Evaluated lazily on-the-fly with ZERO intermediate vector allocations!
10    auto pipeline = numbers 
11        | std::views::filter([](int n) { return n % 2 == 0; })
12        | std::views::transform([](int n) { return n * n; })
13        | std::views::take(3);
14 
15    std::cout << "First 3 Squared Even Numbers: ";
16    for (int val : pipeline) {
17        std::cout << val << " "; // Output: 4 16 36
18    }
19    std::cout << "\n";
20 
21    return 0;
22}

💡 Why Ranges Transform C++

1
No Iterator Boilerplate: Write std::ranges::sort(vec) instead of std::sort(vec.begin(), vec.end()).
2
Zero-Copy Pipelines: Views do not allocate memory; elements are computed lazily as they are iterated.
3
Safety: Eliminates mismatched iterator bugs (std::sort(vec1.begin(), vec2.end())).

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Capstone 1: Thread-Safe Concurrent Task Queue & Thread Pool

Introduction to C++20 Ranges & Views

Advanced14 min read•Updated: 2026-10-22

Study Materials

🌊 Introduction to C++20 Ranges & Views

Introduction

⚡ Composable Pipeline Syntax

1#include <iostream>
2#include <vector>
3#include <ranges>
4 
5int main() {
6    std::vector<int> numbers = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10};
7 
8    // Filter even numbers, square them, and take the first 3:
9    // Evaluated lazily on-the-fly with ZERO intermediate vector allocations!
10    auto pipeline = numbers 
11        | std::views::filter([](int n) { return n % 2 == 0; })
12        | std::views::transform([](int n) { return n * n; })
13        | std::views::take(3);
14 
15    std::cout << "First 3 Squared Even Numbers: ";
16    for (int val : pipeline) {
17        std::cout << val << " "; // Output: 4 16 36
18    }
19    std::cout << "\n";
20 
21    return 0;
22}

💡 Why Ranges Transform C++

1
No Iterator Boilerplate: Write std::ranges::sort(vec) instead of std::sort(vec.begin(), vec.end()).
2
Zero-Copy Pipelines: Views do not allocate memory; elements are computed lazily as they are iterated.
3
Safety: Eliminates mismatched iterator bugs (std::sort(vec1.begin(), vec2.end())).

Next Lesson

Capstone 1: Thread-Safe Concurrent Task Queue & Thread Pool

Continue learning with hands-on practice, examples, and exercises in the upcoming topic.

Related Lessons

Previous Lesson	Next Lesson
Structured Bindings (auto [a, b] = pair)	Capstone 1: Thread-Safe Concurrent Task Queue & Thread Pool

Practice Quiz

Test your understanding of this lesson with 1 questions. Each question has one correct answer.

Previous Next